The network of ecosystem stations (ESs) and the atmospheric station (AS) is unique in the range of the CZ and it is complemented by the network of water flux stations for the investigation of landscape water balance and evapotranspiration. The AS is the only one, which is able to fill out the obligations of membership of the CZ in international programs and networks such as ICOS, InGOS, ACTRIS (in collaboration with Czech Hydrometeorological Institute and Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals AS CR), GMOS (in collaboration with Czech Hydrometeorological Institute). Further, the data from the AS are sent also to GAW and EMEP. The ESs are equipped with the state-of-art instruments for monitoring of GHGs (CO₂, at selected stations CH₄, N₂O, O₃ too) and water vapour fluxes according the latest standards of ICOS. This facilities are represented by measurement towers in various ecosystems equipped with eddy-covariance systems and meteorological sensors (radiation, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed) in the vertical canopy profile. The measurements are supplemented by continuous monitoring of spectralreflectance of vegetation (high resolution spectroradiometer), phenological monitoring (phenological cameras), respiration measurements (automatic soil and stem chamber systems), sap flow measurements (heat balance method) etc. The ESs are within an open-access used for analysing and modeling of biogeochemical cycles (especially C cycle) in terms of management practices, effects of water regime, nutrition etc. The data from the ESs are also used for calculation of ecosystem services and for the estimation of C sequestration.

ESs forming the infrastructure CzeCOS represent following types of ecosystems in the Czech Republic:

1. middle-aged mountain Norway spruce forest, Bílý Kříž, Moravian-Silesian Beskydy Mts., 875 m a.s.l.

2. aged beech forest, Štítná nad Vláří, White Carpathians, 540 m a.s.l.

3. agrosystem, Křešín u Pacova, Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, 545 m a.s.l.

4. aged spruce forest of middle altitudes, Rájec-Jestřebí, Drahanská vrchovina, 625 m a.s.l.

5. floodplain forest, Lanžhot, floodplain of Moravia and Dyje, 155 m above sea level.

6. meadow, Lanžhot, floodplain of Moravia and Dyje, 155 m above sea level.

7. Mokré louky wetland, Třeboň, 425 m above sea level

8. poplar plantation, Domanínek, Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, 575 m above sea level

Description of measurements at atmospheric station Křešín u Pacova